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Impact of Microbiology in Mining

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 Format: MS WORD ::   Chapters: 1-5 ::   Pages: 45 ::   Attributes: documentation ::   4,883 people found this useful

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CHAPTER ONE

Introduction

       The bioprocessing of metal ores and mineral concentrates has over the past 50 years developed from a low key technology to far more controlled and Sophistacated operations involving irrigated and aerated heaps, temperature, and pH control stirred tanks, each typically 100m3  in size. Therefore, the global production of 20% copper, 5% gold and smaller amount of other metals is currently achieve through bioprocessing (Johnson, et al., 2012).

       Those early miners used microbial activities to leach copper from ore without knowing that microbes were actually involve in the process, but now because of the increasing rate on research trend in mineral biotechnology, interest towards the phenomenon has expanded, and has given some potential results which brought about the revolution in running industries.

       Due to high metal demand, traditional technique like pyrometellury and chemical processing of metals are becoming more economically inviable, thereby making micro –organisms to bear a clear and more advantage over it (Rawlings, 2002).

       The bacteria that are involve in  this bio processing of metal are known to be mineral oxidizing bacteria which can easily oxidize iron and Sulfur that contains  minerals e.g of these  bacteria are  iron and Sulfur, Oxidizing Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans  (previously known as thiobacillus ferrooxidans), the Sulfur, Oxidizing Acidithiobacillus thioxidans (previously thiobacillus thioxidans) and   Acidithiobacillus caldus (Previously, thiobacillus caldus), Leptospirillum ferrooxidans and Leptospirillum Ferriphilum (Noris,1983).

Several species of  fungi are also known to  takes part in bio processing of metals like the fungal strain of Aspergilus niger and Penicilluim sipliciscimum, they are known to mobilize copper (Cu) and Tin (Sn) by 65% and Aluminum (Al), Nickel (Ni), lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) by  more they 95% (Brauer,1991).


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Paper Information

Format:ms word
Chapter:1-5
Pages:45
Attribute:documentation
Price:₦3,000
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