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Project Topic:

CONSTRUCTION STANDARD AND REGULATION IN NIGERIA

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 Format: MS WORD ::   Chapters: 1-5 ::   Pages: 53 ::   Attributes: Questionnaire, Data Analysis ::   9,485 people found this useful

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CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1       BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY

The construction industry in Nigeria is characterized with problems which impair the standard of construction and which, according to Adenike (2006), Grema (2006) and Bamisile (2004), are often hinged on quality of materials and workmanship and can be controlled by proper use of the appropriate regulations. Unfortunately, specifications standards and construction regulations as drivers of good standard of construction are suffused with a lot of challenges.

In Nigeria, there are few existing national standards relating to general construction (buildings, roads etc) and many of them are not even known (Bamisile, 2004). As a result, the designers use mainly British and American Standards and Codes despite the fact that local requirements are often different. Serpell et al. (2002) observed that the development process of standards is difficult, cumbersome and unstable. This aggravates the situation with respect to regulations. In Nigeria, regulations, which are supposed to collate all relevant standards for incorporating them in the construction projects, and which constitute the key document for quality management, are frequently absent in Nigeria (Bamisile, 2004). Also, according to Bamisile (2004), the designers in Nigeria frequently do not detail their working drawings and leave the specifications to be written by quantity surveyors. Many designers in Nigeria lack adequate knowledge with respect to the function and performance of the materials and components they specify (Adafin et al., 2011 and Folorunsho and Ahmad, 2013).

The results of the survey carried out by Lam et al (2004) showed that lack of co-ordination, ambiguities, irrelevant clauses, inappropriate standards and reluctance of contractors to embrace quality culture are the frequent problems in drafting of specifications. Regulations are often not complied with in quality control of materials and works on site (Sani and Othman, 2011). Gelder (2007) categorized the problems in practice into two broad groups - unsound regulations and unused regulations. Unsound regulations arise because regulations are often not well-written. Unused regulations refer to problems that arise when specified products/services are not used. The causes of unsound regulations, according to Gelder (2007) are misuse or misquoting of standards, non-compliance with regulations, pseudo-specifications (more content than needed and not job specific) and conflict with drawings; unsound regulations are those that are unused by contractors and unused by contract administrators or construction enforcement officers.

Construction is as old as humanity whose product it is; and has evolved through centuries of activities, from dwelling in caves to skyscrapers and recently to intelligent structures that can smartly respond to stimuli in its environment. Mosaku et al (2006) observed that construction practice has also undergone a great deal of metamorphosis in response to the dynamic nature of human needs and development. Essentially however, construction design and building are processes which traditionally involve several professionals collaborating for relatively short periods to develop a facility (Anumba 2006). The construction process may also be grouped into three major phases: the conception/design phase, construction phase and operation or use phase (Horsely et al 2003). The conception and design phase is when most of the decisions that influence the performance of the design are made; the construction phase represents the actualization stage when much of the capital cost is incurred; and the operation or use phase account for the greatest proportion of time period of the structure life – usually in the range of 60 – 100 years, as against the few weeks, months or years usually used for the first two phases. Construction practice entails the entire system that defines procedure and standards for all three phases of the process; as well as spells out the responsibilities and interaction among the building industry professionals – town planners, architects, builders, engineers, quantity surveyors and estate managers.

1.2       STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

The importance of good structures (building, road etc.) in the society has necessitated the need for improvements in standard of construction is possible through coordinated and committed participation of all stakeholders in the industry using the appropriate regulations as the key guide and document for quality management. However, there has been increase in cases of building collapse in Nigeria in recent times, which has brought to the fore the effectiveness of instituted construction regulations. The main aim of this study is to assess the construction standard and regulations in Nigeria. The researcher will examine the quality of construction and the content of construction regulations and their contributions to standard in the industry.

 

1.3       OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

  1. To examine the level of construction standard in Nigeria.
  2. To examine the effectiveness of instituted construction regulations in Nigeria.
  3. To analyze the problems associated with construction standard and regulations in Nigeria.

1.4       RESEARCH QUESTIONS

  1. What is the level of construction standard in Nigeria?
  2. What is the effectiveness of instituted construction regulations in Nigeria?
  3. What are the problems associated with construction standard and regulations in Nigeria?

1.5       HYPOTHESIS

HO: There is no significant relationship between construction standard and instituted regulations in Nigeria

HA: There is significant relationship between construction standard and instituted regulations in Nigeria

1.6       SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

The following are the significance of this study:

  1. The results from this study will expose the level of construction standard in Nigeria. It will also reveal the effective of the regulations and its contributions to standard in the industry.
  2. This research will be a contribution to the body of literature in the area of the construction standard and regulations in Nigeria, thereby constituting the empirical literature for future research in the subject area.

1.7       SCOPE/LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY

This study will cover the construction industry in Nigeria. It will also cover the adequacy and the effectiveness of the instituted regulations in the industry.

 

 

 

 

 

REFERENCES

Adafin, J. K., Ayodele, E. O. and Daramola, O. (2011). An assessment of factors affecting material stock control practice on selected construction sites in Nigeria. Continental J. Environmental Design and Management, 1 (1), 22 - 31, 2011 © Wilolud Journals, 2011http://www.wiloludjournal.com `Printed in Nigeria

Adenike, S.O. (2006). Memorandum on the frequent collapse of buildings by Ogun State Housing Corporation. Public Hearing on Frequent Collapse of Buildings by House of Representatives Committee on Housing and Urban Development, 6th - 7th March.

Atolagbe, A.M.O. (2009). The Third World Option in a Globalized Building Material Market: The Nigerian Case Study. Ethiopian Journal of Environmental Studies and Management. Vol. 2.

Bamisile, A. (2004). Building production management. Lagos: Foresight Press Ltd.

Folorunsho, C. O. and Ahmad, M. H. (2013). Parameters for Building Materials Specifications in Lagos, Nigeria 2013. http://sgo.sagepub.com/content/3/3/2158244013497724

Gelder, J. (2007). NBS Educator: Specifications: Problems in practice. www.then.com.

Gidado K. (1996): Political and Economic Developments in Nigeria: What Procurement System is Suitable? Proceeding of Procurement System Symposium. University of Nepal, Durban, South Africa.

Grema, N.A. (2006). Memorandum on the frequent collapse of buildings submitted by the Town Planners

Jefferies, M.C., Chen, S.E., McGeorge, W.D. & Esparon, J.P. (2003). Introducing quality assurance in the Seychelles construction industry. Construction Management and Economics, 21, 603-611.

Lam, P.T.I., Kumaraswamy, M.M. & Thomas, S. (2004). The use of construction specifications in Singapore. Construction Management and Economics, 22, 1067-1079.

Mosaku T.O., Kehinde J.O. and Kuroshi P.A (2006): Control of Building Practice for Sustainable Development in Nigeria: Matters Arising. Proceeding of the International Conference on The Built Environment; Innovation, Policy and Sustainable Development. Department of Architecture, Covenant University, Ota, Nigeria. 24-26 January. Pp. 26 – 33.

Registration Council to the House Committee on Housing and Urban Development at the Public Hearing held between 6th and 7th March.

Sani, J.A. and Othman, N. (2011). Quality standard and specification for soft-scape in Malasia. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 35, 260–266.

Serpell, A., Solminihac, H.D. & Figari, C. (2002). A general diagnosis of construction quality in Chile. Construction Management and Economics, 20, 413-421.

 

 

 

 


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Paper Information

Format:ms word
Chapter:1-5
Pages:53
Attribute:Questionnaire, Data Analysis
Price:₦3,000
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